P0171 on Buick: How to Diagnose & Fix
System Too Lean (Bank 1)
4 Buick models · 5 documented issues · 2 critical · $400-$1,200 repair
P0171 on Buick by model: symptoms, diagnosis and fix
Some 1.4L turbo Encores use oil between changes or blow blue smoke, sometimes with a check-engine light and codes P0171, P0300 or P0299. GM's acceptable consumption is 1 quart (0.9 L) in 2,000 miles (3,200 km), not counting leaks. GM lists a leaking camshaft-cover PCV orifice, a missing intake-manifold non-return valve and a weak or broken piston ring land as possible causes. Applies to: 2013–2019 Encores with the 1.4L turbo LUJ or LUV engine, as listed in GM PIP5197K. GM later replaced the PIP5197 series with bulletin 19-NA-114, which keeps only the PCV-diaphragm test; no GM document found lists the 2020 or 2021 Encore, so this does not cover them. It does not cover Encores with the 1.4L LE2 engine: the 2016–2019 Sport Touring, the LE2 option offered on all but the base model in 2017–2018, and later-build 2021 Encores.
How to Fix
Check the oil level often and have a GM dealer measure the consumption. Under PIP5197K the technician checks the dipstick and oil-fill cap seals and looks for intake air leaks, then checks the camshaft-cover PCV orifice and replaces the cover if it leaks oil or vacuum. They then measure crankcase pressure at hot idle and on a throttle snap. A normal reading is −11 to −18 inches of water; a reading between −10 and 0 points to cylinder leakage, so the technician does a cylinder leakage test, and only if a broken piston ring land is found are all four piston assemblies replaced. They also check for a missing intake-manifold non-return valve and replace the manifold if it is missing. Normal warranty rules apply; this is not a recall or a promise of free repair.
Call to confirm they can assess your vehicle and perform the stated work. Search results do not confirm qualification, eligibility or coverage.
Sources for this issue (2)
The PCV crankcase pressure control diaphragm is built into the plastic camshaft (valve) cover. If it tears, un-metered air enters the crankcase, the check-engine light comes on and a lean-fuel-trim code (P0171) can set; the PCV valve may make a whistling noise. GM's earlier PIP5197K adds that a missing intake-manifold non-return valve may have damaged the diaphragm. Applies to: 2013–2019 Encores with the 1.4L turbo LUJ or LUV engine, as listed in GM bulletin 19-NA-114, which replaced the PIP5197 series. No GM document found lists the 2020 or 2021 Encore, so this does not cover them. It does not cover Encores with the 1.4L LE2 engine: the 2016–2019 Sport Touring, the LE2 option offered on all but the base model in 2017–2018, and later-build 2021 Encores.
How to Fix
Have a GM technician diagnose it. Under 19-NA-114 the technician checks that the dipstick and oil-fill cap are sealed, listens for noise from the PCV valve with the engine running, and holds a tissue (or smoke) at the PCV vent on the camshaft cover: if the valve is noisy and vacuum holds the tissue against the vent, the camshaft cover is replaced; if not, the PCV system is not the cause. PIP5197K also has the technician check for a missing intake-manifold non-return valve and, if it is missing, replace the intake manifold assembly. Special Coverage N202299080 covered the camshaft cover on certain 2014 Encores for 10 years or 120,000 miles from the original in-service date; that coverage has expired. Normal warranty rules apply; this is not a recall or a promise of free repair.
Call to confirm they can assess your vehicle and perform the stated work. Search results do not confirm qualification, eligibility or coverage.
Sources for this issue (3)
- GM Service Bulletin 19-NA-114 — MIL on, DTC P0171, torn PCV crankcase pressure control diaphragm (May 2019; replaces PIP5197M)tsb
- GM Preliminary Information PIP5197K — possible oil consumption/leaks, blue smoke, whistle noise, DTC P0171/P0300/P0299 (Nov 29, 2018; replaces PIP5197J)tsb
- GM Special Coverage N202299080 — camshaft cover replacement, certain 2014 Encores (July 2020; coverage counted from the in-service date)tsb
The 3800 Series II (and early III) V6 in Park Avenue, LeSabre, Riviera, Regal, Lucerne — and shared Pontiac Bonneville/Grand Prix, Olds 88/LSS, Chevy Monte Carlo/Impala — suffers infamous lower intake manifold gasket failure. Plastic intake material softens under coolant exposure (especially Dex-Cool); gasket erodes and leaks coolant into the lifter valley, mixing with oil. Catastrophic if undetected.
Common Symptoms
- coolant loss with no external leak
- milky oil
- overheating
- sweet smell from exhaust
- rough idle
How to Fix
Replace LIM gasket with updated Fel-Pro MS98003T (improved metal-reinforced design) — $400-$800 at independent. Replace upper intake plenum at the same time if cracked. Drain Dex-Cool and refill with Zerex G-05 or compatible HOAT. Inspect oil for coolant contamination at every change; milky oil means immediate teardown.
Sources for this issue (1)
Same 3800 V6 LIM-gasket failure mode as Park Avenue — extremely widespread in 1995-2005 LeSabres. Coolant migrates past degraded plastic-and-rubber gasket into the valley, contaminating engine oil. Owners commonly first notice low coolant with no visible leak; by the time milky oil appears, bearings may already be damaged.
Common Symptoms
- coolant loss
- milky oil
- overheating
- sweet exhaust smell
- rough idle
How to Fix
LIM gasket job is the same: Fel-Pro MS98003T or similar updated design — $400-$800. Replace UIM plenum if cracked, and drain Dex-Cool. Many shops will replace the EGR stovepipe gasket and throttle body gasket while everything is apart.
Sources for this issue (1)
On the Cascada's 1.6L turbo (LWC), GM integrated the PCV pressure regulator valve into the plastic engine camshaft (valve) cover, with the diaphragm permanently sealed inside — there is no serviceable standalone valve. GM issued special coverage bulletins documenting that cracks develop in that diaphragm: N192291620 (September 2020) for 2016 model year Cascada with the 1.6L, and N232395320 (February 2023) for 2019 model year Cascada. Once the diaphragm cracks, unmetered air is drawn into the intake, producing a lean condition. The signature owner complaint is a loud whistling or chirping from under the hood at idle together with a check engine light, and forum-documented cases were confirmed as a cracked camshaft cover and repaired with an updated cover. A related higher-mileage condition is the four PCV feed tubes inside the intake manifold, which run from the PCV orifice into each intake runner, becoming clogged and driving oil consumption. Note the gap: GM's special coverage as published named 2016 and 2019 — owners of 2017 and 2018 cars report the identical failure without being named in either bulletin.
Common Symptoms
- Loud whistling, chirping or sucking noise under the hood, worst at idle
- Check engine light with a lean fuel trim code
- Rough idle
- Elevated long-term fuel trims
- Oil consumption on higher-mileage cars with clogged intake manifold PCV tubes
How to Fix
Check GM special-coverage eligibility before buying anything. When customer-pay repair is required, replace the complete camshaft cover because the PCV regulator is not separately serviceable, then inspect the intake-manifold PCV passages on higher-mileage cars.
What you need to fix it
Only diagnosis- and fitment-reviewed repair parts are linked here.
- Genuine GM camshaft/valve cover assembly 25203562$523
Direct fitment for 2016-2019 Buick Cascada 1.6L and includes the PCV valve, bolts and seals; supersedes 55596087. Use only after special-coverage eligibility is checked.
As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases; other part links may also earn au7o a commission. Confirm fitment by VIN before buying.
Sources for this issue (5)
- GM Special Coverage N192291620 — 2016 Buick Cascada 1.6L PCV pressure regulator valve, camshaft cover (NHTSA-hosted, Sept 9 2020)article
- GM Special Coverage N232395320 — 2019 Buick Cascada PCV pressure regulator valve, camshaft cover (NHTSA-hosted, Feb 16 2023)article
- Engine Whistling? P0171 Code? How to fix the 1.6L PCV Valve — Buick Forumsforum
- PCV Valve part of valve cover — PCV system sucking vacuum / whistling — Buick Forumsforum
- Squealing/chirping noise under the hood (diagnosed as cracked valve cover, updated camshaft cover installed) — Buick Forumsforum
P0171 code reference
General diagnostic-code context. The code alone does not confirm a cause for your vehicle; use the applicable issue card and its sources.
Frequently asked questions
What does P0171 mean on a Buick?
P0171 stands for "System Too Lean (Bank 1)." This code means the engine's computer has detected that the air-fuel mixture on Bank 1 (the side of the engine with cylinder #1) is running too lean — meaning there is too much air relative to fuel. The computer watches the oxygen sensors and has had to add a large amount of extra fuel (long-term fuel trim) to try to compensate, but it has hit its correction limit. A lean condition can cause rough idle, hesitation, reduced power, and over time can run the engine hotter than normal. It usually points to either unmetered air leaking into the engine or not enough fuel being delivered. On Buick it is documented across 4 models: Encore, Park Avenue, LeSabre, Cascada.
What are the most common causes of P0171?
The most common causes of P0171 are: Vacuum or intake air leak (cracked hose, gasket, or PCV system), Dirty or failing mass airflow (MAF) sensor, Weak fuel pump or restricted fuel filter, Clogged or dirty fuel injectors, Faulty or aged upstream oxygen sensor, Leaking intake manifold gasket, Low fuel pressure or failing fuel pressure regulator, Exhaust leak ahead of the oxygen sensor. The specific cause varies by vehicle.
How much does it cost to fix P0171 on a Buick?
Published repair estimates on Buick range from $400 to $1,200 depending on the model and root cause. If an issue mentions a recall or campaign, check your VIN with the manufacturer or NHTSA and confirm eligibility and coverage with a dealer.
Looking for P0171 on a different make?
View P0171 across all makes →Content compiled with AI assistance using NHTSA complaints, TSBs, and owner reports. May contain errors. Always verify with your vehicle's service manual.